What is an Iterable in PHP? A value that can be looped through with a foreach() loop is called a “iterable.” PHP 7.1 added the iterable pseudo-type, which can be used as a data type for function arguments and function return values. Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <?php function testIterable():iterable { return [“x”, “y”, “z”]; […]
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PHP Namespaces Namespaces are qualifiers that help solve two different problems: They help keep things more organized by putting together classes that work together to do a task. They let more than one class share the same name. For example, you might have a set of classes that describe an Test table, like Table, Row,
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Static Properties in PHP You can call static properties directly, without making a new instance of a class. The static keyword is used to declare properties that don’t change: Syntax <?php class Class_Name { public static $variable = “Coderazza.com”; } ?> Use the class name, a double colon (::), and the property name to get
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Static Methods in PHP You can call static methods directly, without first making an instance of the class. The static keyword is used to declare a static method: Syntax <?php class ClassName { public static function methodName() { echo “Static method!”; } } ?> Use the class name, a double colon (::), and the method
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What are Traits in PHP? PHP only allows one type of inheritance, so a child class can only get its traits from one parent class. So, what happens if a class needs to get more than one behavior? This problem can be fixed by OOP traits. With traits, you can define methods that can be
What are Abstract Classes and Abstract Methods in PHP? Abstract classes and methods are used when the parent class has a named method, but the task needs to be done by one or more of its child classes. A class is called an abstract class if it has at least one abstract method. A method
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What does inheritance mean in PHP? In OOP, inheritance is when a class is based on another class. All of the public and protected properties and methods of the parent class will be passed on to the child class. It can also have its own properties and ways of doing things. The extends keyword is
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Class Constants in PHP Once a constant is declared, it can’t be changed. If you need to define some data that stays the same inside a class, you can use class constants. The const keyword is used inside a class to declare a class constant. Case matters when it comes to class constants as these
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Access Modifiers in PHP Access modifiers can be put on properties and methods to control how and where they can be used. There are three things that change access: public: public means that anyone can use the property or method. protected: This is protected by default, so the property or method can be used within
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The __construct Function in PHP A constructor lets you set up an object’s properties when you first create it. If you make a __construct() function, PHP will automatically call it whenever a class is used to make an object. Notice that the construct function begins with two underscores (__)! In the example below, we can
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